def serialize_offer(row, candidate_name=None, created_by_name=None) -> dict:
    return {
        "id": str(row.id) if row.id else None,
        "inbox_id": row.inbox_id,
        "manual_upload_candidate_id": (
            str(row.manual_upload_candidate_id) if row.manual_upload_candidate_id else None
        ),
        "form_data_id": str(row.form_data_id) if row.form_data_id else None,
        "job_post_id": str(row.job_post_id) if row.job_post_id else None,
        "candidate_user_id": str(row.candidate_user_id) if row.candidate_user_id else None,
        "candidate_name": candidate_name,
        "status": row.status,
        "base_salary": row.base_salary,
        "currency": row.currency,
        "salary_period": row.salary_period,
        "signing_bonus": row.signing_bonus,
        "annual_bonus_pct": row.annual_bonus_pct,
        "equity_units": row.equity_units,
        "equity_instrument": row.equity_instrument,
        "cadre": row.cadre,
        "gross_salary_in_words": row.gross_salary_in_words,
        "subsidized_services": row.subsidized_services,
        "probation_period": row.probation_period,
        "notice_period": row.notice_period,
        "work_location": row.work_location,
        "work_timings": row.work_timings,
        "start_date": row.start_date.isoformat() if row.start_date else None,
        "expiry_date": row.expiry_date.isoformat() if row.expiry_date else None,
        "sent_at": row.sent_at.isoformat() if row.sent_at else None,
        "responded_at": row.responded_at.isoformat() if row.responded_at else None,
        "closed_at": row.closed_at.isoformat() if row.closed_at else None,
        "issued_by": str(row.issued_by) if row.issued_by else None,
        "created_by": str(row.created_by) if row.created_by else None,
        "created_by_name": created_by_name,
        "created_at": row.created_at.isoformat() if row.created_at else None,
        "updated_at": row.updated_at.isoformat() if row.updated_at else None,
    }


def serialize_offer_history(row) -> dict:
    return {
        "id": str(row.id) if row.id else None,
        "offer_id": str(row.offer_id) if row.offer_id else None,
        "from_status": row.from_status,
        "to_status": row.to_status,
        "valid_from": row.valid_from.isoformat() if row.valid_from else None,
        "valid_to": row.valid_to.isoformat() if row.valid_to else None,
        "changed_by": str(row.changed_by) if row.changed_by else None,
        "actor_kind": row.actor_kind,
        "change_reason": row.change_reason,
    }


def serialize_offer_candidate(item) -> dict:
    manual=item.get("manual_upload_candidate_id")
    form_id=item.get("form_data_id")
    user_id=item.get("user_id")
    job_id=item.get("job_post_id")
    return {
        "inbox_id": item.get("inbox_id"),
        "manual_upload_candidate_id": str(manual) if manual else None,
        "form_data_id": str(form_id) if form_id else None,
        "source": item.get("source"),
        "user_id": str(user_id) if user_id else None,
        "name": item.get("name"),
        "email": item.get("email"),
        "job_post_id": str(job_id) if job_id else None,
        "job_title": item.get("job_title"),
        "application_status": item.get("application_status"),
        "stage": item.get("stage") or item.get("application_status"),
    }